The drunken party at Olivias garden Essay Example For Students

The drunken party at Olivias garden Essay This play is all about desire. The whole context is about strangers falling in love in n instant and all this pent up unrequited love causes the lonely characters to act unusually, thus, providing a foundation for a potentially funny play. I am going to write about, and analyse, two scenes from the play, where I will talk about the physical and vocal qualitys and how the technical qualitys coincided with them to create a magical dreamland where everything can and does happen. The drunken party at Olivias garden: physical qualitys; This scene is an excellent scene to write about in terms of physical movement on stage. The movement on stage was very well choreographed and was very effective. During this scene, I could not tear my eyes away from Sir Andrew Abuecheek who was apart of this drunken party and hid himself behind a tall lampshade when Malvolio came in to stop the party, whom by his facial expression was very angry.. This was very funny because Abuecheek is so tall and he looked like he was in great pain, which was proved by his squinting facial expression and posture, which was crippling his slender body. His circle of attention was focused on Malvilio as he was the one shouting at him and his gestures and mannerisms proved that he was very scared of Malvolio. We will write a custom essay on The drunken party at Olivias garden specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Even though the stage was broken up into three or four different levels, the top one being all the technical equipment, the actors only used three, the actors in this scene were only using the bottom level, so their use of space was limited. However the distancing between the characters was descent as Malvolio frequently changed his circle of attention to the different characters on stage, so the dormant characters were able to stay static. This emphasized how all the characters responded to each other on stage, as they were able to block each other and the dynamics of the scene was also emphasized. Vocal Qualitys; As Malvolio is shouting at the characters on stage, I thought, his accent was well done. He was British, and as he was dressed in a butler style suit with a very humerous comb-over and very serious drawn on eyebrows it reflected the general perception of a male of his stature. You could say people like malvolio support the perception of British people and the stiff upper lip saying. His volume, tone and pitch remained constant throughout the scene, as his facial expression represented fury and the emotional range of his voice supported it. His pace and rhythm was used quite well as he did not lose focus and the melodramatic theme of the play was supported. He did use pauses, when the audience was laughing at the surreal site of a 7 foot man hiding behind a lampshade, I feel that this really showed the relationships between the actors as they both worked with each other to entertain the audience. Several  themes are established in this play, there are tastes of Fantasy, melodrama, comedy, romance and I also feel there were very small pieces of tragedy hidden behind all of mayhem. The use of physical theatre softened the play extremely well as it is obviously not intended to be a sad play. It did its job by uplifting the audience, which was obvious due to the audiences reaction to it all. I dont feel there was any realistic acting in the play, everything was over emphasized to enhance the humour. I believe they did this because the language was very difficult to understand as it is placed in a period where ways of speaking is very different to todays. So it was effective to use physical theatre as you do not have to be able to understand what they are saying to find the play funny. .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 , .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 .postImageUrl , .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 , .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731:hover , .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731:visited , .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731:active { border:0!important; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731:active , .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731 .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u04470ce11309e0dae28a3715c7c0e731:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: By close consideration of Act 5 Scene 3, lines 1 to 160 EssayThechnical; The overall look of the set was entrancing. When entering the theatre, you automatically feel enthrawled in the play, the stage is so close to the audience you somehow feel like you are a prop on stage. This is effective, however the positioning of the seats were not ideal as you could not always see what was happening.

Write A Concise Statement Of Gratitude Identifying The Ethical And

Write A Concise Statement Of Gratitude Identifying The Ethical And Write A Concise Statement Of Gratitude Identifying The Ethical And Intellectual Debts You Owe To – Book Report/Review Example ment of Gratitude Every living person is molded by various influences in his/her life. Early influences usually serve to build the character andmorals of a person, and hence the emphasis on good schools, teachers and friends from early childhood. My own early memories take me back to my mother drilling into me the importance of good health and cleanliness. I remember her often chiding me for not washing before sitting down to a meal after a session in the playground. Good health, she often said was the key to being successful in everything you do, because only a healthy body can keep your mind healthy. Today, my health, fitness and happiness are her greatest gifts to me. I can never thank her enough for instilling in me habits of cleanliness and regular exercise that are the reason for my fitness and good health. As I grew up I was greatly influenced by my father, an upright man who was never easily swayed by anything. He was very particular that I thought things out carefully before deciding on a course of action. My father advised me to always think things through and thoroughly examine â€Å"all things severally †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.and without confusion, in an orderly way† (Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations) before coming to a decision. A hasty decision, without taking all factors of a situation into account, he maintained would surely end in disaster. His words echoed in my ears every time I stood at the crossroads, and I cannot count the number of times his advice has stood me in good stead. Every time this happens I send him a silent thank you knowing it will reach him wherever he may be. My brother Michael too has always been a great source of guidance. Most importantly he has taught me to do that which my conscience tells me is right, not that which is easiest to do or because it will elevate me in the eyes of my peer group. I am deeply indebted to Michael for his guidance and strength in times of indecision. I learned from Michael the same thing that Marcus Aurelius learned from Apollonius - â€Å"undeviating steadiness of purpose†, (Marcus Aurelius, The Meditations) to carry on in the face of all odds till I reach my goal.I am sure these qualities will go a long way in helping me reach my ultimate goals in life. I do hope that I too can at some time in my life be to another, the kind of mentor that my parents and my brother have been to me. Marcus Aurelius The Meditations Book 1 Translated by George Long

The Way to Salvation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Way to Salvation - Essay Example In his disappointment, He sends the floods to destroy all His creations, save for the family of Noah, His chosen one, who lives up to His model behavior. Such a punishment God deeply regrets doing and thereupon enters into a covenant with Noah and all his descendants that never shall any such holocaust come upon His chosen people. As a reminder of that covenant, God sends forth the symbol of His reconciliation, the rainbow, which appears whenever clouds would form in the horizon. In addition, He gifts man with the power over all living things so that he may be able to live to the fullest according to his creative endowments and thus live in God’s continuing favor. But do we recognize God and the continuing favor He bestows upon us? Or instead of resting upon the credits of our inheritance from His outpouring of love, we choose to exhibit our forefathers’ disobedience and do as we please according to our desires and forget our covenant with Him? The first reading reminds us of this agreement that binds us all descendants of Noah. Let us remember God’s unconditional love and His ever-flowing mercy and forgiveness. At the same time, let us remind ourselves of the sign of God’s promise and the equivalent response befitting a beneficiary of God’s provisions. ... Jesus Christ is the fulfillment of god’s promise of salvation. Jesus is the evidence of His undying love for us His children. God loves us so much that instead of punishing us in the way of the Floods, He takes the opposite track of offering His son to die that all of us may live. And God knows how we would respond: we reject Jesus, we spit at him, we kick him, we insult him, we stone him, we do everything and anything but love him. Yet for all of these responses, our God who is in Jesus takes them all in silent submission till His crucifixion and death on the cross. We would crucify our own God and Savior to His death, and just as it was written, Jesus resurrects to tell the world, including his tormentors and crucifiers, that all is forgiven. That’s how much we are loved. How much do we love in return? Lent is a rainbow that calls us to our covenant, and as we enter this season, let us remember what and how we have been to Jesus. It is almost definite that whatever we are or have been, a saving grace is always waiting to welcome us to the loving Father, as Peter in the second reading reminds us. Our life may not be a life in Jesus but if the crucifiers have been embraced by the Father, no other indiscretion or sin could be more serious as not to be forgiven and accorded loving mercy. A recourse is ever available to allow us a renewal of our baptism in the Lord’s favor. Our sinfulness is our own temptation in the desert and even when we have mired ourselves a great distance away from Jesus, the same sinfulness can be our entry passage to a life of repentance and fullness. No longer will we be punished with the rampaging waters of

An Introduction to Proffesional issues in counselling Essay

An Introduction to Proffesional issues in counselling - Essay Example According to the British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) ther are several situations in which a counsellor must act responsibly. These situations are covered by ethical standards. Ethics are defined as the "values, principles, and personal moral qualities" (BACP, p. 6). These qualities reside in each individual but having a code of ethics will give everyone a common foundation to work from. Many situations that appear in a counselling setting may push the ethics of an individual but with a common foundation they will understand what to do in each situation. This ethical principle speaks to a counsellors need to be trustworthy. They must allow trust to happen between them and the client without breaking this trust. The counsellor strictly adheres to a policy of confidentiality to help foster this trust. The counselling session is autonomous in itself and the counsellor understand the client has the right to engage or not engage in the counselling process. Hopefully the client wants to engage in their own healing because it happens faster when the client is engaged. Counsellors who respect their clients will make sure they have proper consent before they seek out information from third parties or before the give information out about the client. They will also make sure that if there are conflicts of interest that they are revealed to the client immediately and an appropriate referral will be made. When a counsellor understands the clients autonomy they do not manipulate a client for personal or professional gain. It is critical to the counsellor to understand the important of "doing no harm." A counsellor helps the client receive a professional assessment and once this happens the counsellor must work within their scope of practice; in other words they must only practice those counselling techniques that they have been trained

Current Imaging Process Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Current Imaging Process - Article Example During this initial process the receptionist confirms the date with the ordering physician's office, which will then notify their patient of the scheduled exam date. The ordering physician's office confirms the scheduled date with the patient, and they are notified to arrive at the radiology outpatient imaging center where the first encounter takes place between the radiology receptionist and the patient. During this first encounter the receptionist would typically greet the patient, confirm the appointment, verify the patient's identification, and validate the method of payment. After the receptionist's interview with the patient, the patient is then placed in a queue to be called by the radiology technician that will be performing their exam. While the patient waits in the waiting area the receptionist completes the work order. The radiology technician is notified of the pending ordered exam and receives a printed requisition form. The second point of patient contact in the process takes place when the assigned radiology technician calls the patient from the radiology waiting area. During this encounter the technician identifies the patient and escorts them into the exam room for an additional interview. The patient is fully involved in the process as they are asked to help provide relevant medical history, as well as the primary purpose of their visit.

Developing Knowledge for Organ Donation | Research Study

Developing Knowledge for Organ Donation | Research Study Nannou (2008) had explored how an educational intervention related to organ and tissue donations affected the knowledge and awareness of a randomized two group samples of pre-registration nursing students. This study was a randomized but controlled trial, with two continuous variables of knowledge and awareness of nursing students before and after an educational intervention and compared results to a controlled group who did not have the benefits of the educational intervention. Both groups were equivalent at baseline. Simple analysis of variance, analysis of covariance and multiple regressions were used to determine significance of results. Each category was analyzed as a separate variable. Students were asked to choose a card that indicated to which group they would be assigned to: control or experimental. Both groups were given the pre-test and post-test that had been validated by content and practice experts. A statistically significant difference was found in knowledge and aware ness between pre-test and post-test scores in both the controlled group and experimental group. Remijn (2009) came out with a questionnaire to survey students’ knowledge and opinions about organ donation and transplantation was conducted on 247 students in 13 separate classrooms. Questions 1–16 of the questionnaire measured general factual knowledge about organ donation and transplantation; questions 17–24 solicited personal experiences regarding organ donation and transplantation; questions 25–29 sought opinions about whether the student would become an organ donor; 24 questions 30–35 sought general demographic information such as age, grade, gender, language spoken at home, ethnicity, and parents’ education level. Roels (2007) had surveyed pre-registration nursing students’ awareness on organ and tissue donations. The study revealed that 55% to 80% of the nursing students were aware of organ and tissue donations. Pre-registration nursing students had shown deficits in their knowledge about the transplantation process. For example, a recent study suggested that only 64% (N = 260) of the students knew that brain death was different from a coma. Similarly, other studies had documented nursing students as correctly answering between 43% and 48% of the factual questions about organ donation. Encouragingly, a recent intervention on the topic suggests that interventions could improve nursing students’ organ donation knowledge. Dauphinee (2009) had carried out a study on pre- registration nursing students’ knowledge on organ and tissue donations. A number of 41-questions were administered to 537 first-year and second-year nursing students. Students were also asked about their support on organ donation and the donation trainings they had received. 236 students responded (response rate = 93%). (22%) had read about organ and tissue donations in the newspaper (40% vs 6%, P Moroff (2008) had examined on the pre-registration nursing students’ awareness and knowledge in New York. A 10-item questionnaire was given and completed by one thousand students and their mean age was recorded as 23.7 years. The students were divided into groups and were asked to discuss about organ and tissue donations. The discussion on organ and tissue donations ranged in duration of approximately 5 to 19 minutes (M = 12.10, SD = 3.07). Overall, students accurately discussed between 7 and 10 topics (M = 12.99, SD = 2.56) during this time period, with time having no significant influence on the number of topics discussed, r = 0.21, p = 0.07. Thus, students appeared to discuss organ and tissue donation topics based on some individual characteristic. It is encouraging to note that 83% of students explained the importance of family communication regarding one’s preferences for organ donation and 74% explained the role of next-of-kin in the consent process. Results do in dicate that students may need for further education with regards to organ donation eligibility and the matching process, as 68% of the students failed to describe brain death at all, whilst 9% described it inaccurately. Moreover, a study conducted by Panzarella (2008) for Transplant Resource Center of Maryland, on the topic of organ and tissue donation also gave interesting facts. A total of 260 nursing students participated in the online knowledge to measure their knowledge on organ donation Students answered an average of 8.78 (SD = 1.31) questions correctly. Overall, students did not differ in their knowledge on organ donation, based on academic year. The researcher also notes that 43% of the students surveyed (N = 500) did not know organ and tissue donation, although more than half felt that students were aware about organ and tissue donations. Vleuten (2009) had surveyed pre-registration nursing students’ knowledge and awareness on organ and tissue donation. Most respondents were able to answer all the questions. Most participants agreed that donors might receive on-going support after donation (91%). Nearly half (46%) of respondents supported the use of tissue for research; however, only 28% could recall the topic being discussed at the time of donation. Only 40% of respondents knew of the differences between organ and tissue donations before the donation process. Overall, the studys findings suggest that in the effort to enhance the student nurses’ knowledge, focusing on education should be given priority. A nurse is the first person to recognize the patient and that a nurse spends more time with the patient. Hence, the nurse possesses preliminary education about organ donation. 2.3 Conceptual Framework. The study framework is based on Organ Donation Model (ODM) proposed by Miller (2005). ODM define organ donation as when organs are removed from a person who has recently died and transplanted into the body of another living person. It may also be possible for a living person to donate certain organs to another living person. Transplantation is a very successful way of saving and improving the lives of people who are experiencing serious health problems. The goal of Organ Donation Model (ODM) is to create an expert nurse pertaining organ donation. The ODM asserts that the significant determinant in educating the next generation and developing, directing and translating new therapeutic strategies for the future. According to Miller (2005), the most influential components of this intention were the individual’s awareness of donation and knowledge about donation. Organ donation model (ODM) focuses mainly on knowledge and awareness of organ donation in healthcare workers and their students. A study done by Mogan (2008) on American nursing students knowledge and awareness of organ donation, found that a person would have awareness first, later to get to know more about the topic a person would read further which would lead the person to understand about the organ and donation topic. These two variables are: knowledge and awareness. â€Å"Measuring these variables is essential to determine if such changes actually result from the intervention and, in turn, influence changes in commitment† (Susan, 2009). ODM focuses higher rates of organ donation as well as student nurse are aware and increase knowledge once the topic is taught in nursing training. Using the Organ Donation Model (ODM ), Albright (2010) revealed that a group of student nurses in England were aware and knowledgeable on organ donation. They found a significant relationship between the knowledge of students’ and their personal awareness on the topics to donate organs. 2.4 Summary This chapter has highlighted the importance of pre-registration nursing students to have knowledge and aware about organ and tissue donation. In this chapter, it has explained clearly by discussing the definition by various researchers as well studies conducted by other researchers that were pertinent to knowledge and awareness of pre-registration nursing students on organ and tissue donation. It is significant to know pre-registration nursing students knowledge and awareness on organ and tissue donation as nurses plays a key role in promoting organ donation because they are the persons who will meet with the family after a tragic event, when organ procurement is being discussed, and nurses are the one who initiates the process and support the family. Further, lack of adequate training to raise awareness causes lower donor detection and referral rates by the registered nurses CHAPTER 3 METHODOLOGY 3.1 Introduction In this chapter the methodology are clearly discuss in detail which include four parts. Firstly, the design of the research is discussed then the respondents are chosen. Third is the research instrument, sampling procedure such as the distribution and collection process of the questionnaire will be explained. Questionnaire is used in this study. Students were give questionnaire by the researcher after class and also students who are in practical were called back to answer the questionnaire. Explanation is given as how they would be classified according to their specific purpose. 3.2 Study design This study is quantitative cross-sectional surveys which intended to study the knowledge and awareness of pre-registration nursing students on organ and tissue donation. Cross-sectional surveys described as depiction of the populations about which data is gathered. It is used when the purpose of the study is descriptive, often in the form of a survey. Descriptive design is where the researcher collects data on a several variables and dissembles the result as well as gathering information about the present existing condition (Cresswel, 2009). Usually there is no hypothesis as such, but the aim is to describe a population with respect to an outcome (Baron, 2011). Cross-sectional surveys can be carried out using any mode of data collection. In this study questionnaires are used. Questionnaire is a data collection method that used to ask questions of research participants (Jackson, 2011). 3.3 Study setting This study was done in Surya College Penang and this college is located in Butterworth, Penang. This college is offering Foundation in Science, Diploma in Nursing and Diploma in Medical Laboratory Technology. Students who study at Surya College have a readily available pathway to further their studies at Penang International Dental College (PIDC), Vinayaka Missions University (V.M.U) in India or other educational institutions locally abroad. Total students in the college are 500. However, pre-registration nursing students are 280 as of the July 2013 intake. Surya Colleges envisages being a premier allied health college in this region. With a strong backing of experienced management team, it aims to be a Centre of excellence that offers quality and affordable education to students from all walks of life in the spirit of 1Malaysia. 3.4 Research Subject 3.4.1 Population The populations for this study were pre –registration nursing students from Surya College Penang. Total students are 280 and all of them are involve in this study. The populations are from year one students, year two and year three students. A population is the entire aggregation of cases in which the researcher is interested (Gore, 2009). 3.4.2 Sample A sample is a subset of population elements. Sample size is the number of observations used to estimates of a given population. Sampling is concerned with the selection of individuals from within a statistical population to estimate characteristics of the whole population. In this study, the sampling was done on the population of Surya College pre-registration nursing students. About 280 students are involved in this study. The sampling technique that the researcher used was convenience sampling. Convenience sampling refers to the non-probability process by which the researcher gathers statistical data from the population. When a convenience sample is used, the researcher studies the subjects that are easy for the researcher to gain a feedback as well contribute to minimum effort and less time (Sedda, 2010). Researchers choose convenience sampling to easily gain information and save money and time. The researcher distributed 280 questionnaires where all of the pre – registrati on nursing students were involve. Informed consent was assumed through the student completing the questionnaires and returning the documents in a standard reply envelope. 3.5 Instrument The Instrument that the researcher used was organ donation questionnaire (ODQ). The questionnaire was adopted from Goz (2006). The organ donation questionnaire (ODQ) was adopted from Goz because it served a verbal response from people; contains written set of questions or statements. It is designed to gather data from individuals about knowledge and awareness of organ and tissue donation. Questionnaire is a method that serves written or verbal response from people; contains written set of questions or statements. It is designed to gather data from individuals about knowledge, attitudes, believes and feelings (Kibberd, 2006). Furthermore, organ donation questionnaire (ODQ) is relatively direct and a simple method of obtaining data. It can be constructed easily and consumes lesser time to gather information. Further, it enables a widely scattered sample, cost effective, speedy results and there is no room for biasness. The questionnaire consists of 3 sections. First section is the section â€Å"A†. In this section it embodies question on demographic data concerning age, religion, race and the respondents’ current year in the programme. The question in this section is close – ended questions where there is a list of questions that the respondents must choose to answer the questions. The second part of the questionnaire is the section â€Å"B†. It comprises ten questions on knowledge regarding organ and tissue donation. To analyses the knowledge level among pre-registration nursing students, Likert scale which is adopted from Kane (2010) were used in this study. Likert scale measurement on 5 point scale were used to examine how strongly respondents agree or disagree with the statement/questions. The scale has measurements of 5 points that will examine how strongly respondents agree or disagree with the statement/ questions. The scale ranges from 1, which indicates ‘’strongly disagree’’ to 5, which indicates ‘’strongly agree’’. In order to score the scale, each of the categories was assigned a weight of fine. A negative statement, ‘’strongly disagree’’ receives a weight of 5, ’’disagree’’ would be 4,’’ not sure or â€Å"indifferentâ₠¬â„¢Ã¢â‚¬â„¢, receives 3, ’’agree’’ receives 2 and ‘’strongly agree’’ receives 1. If the statement was in positive form, rating would be reserved accordingly. Then, the respondent’s response were classified according to scores for instance Number of questions Ãâ€" highest score = 10Ãâ€"5 = 50 and Number of questionsÃâ€" lowest score = 10Ãâ€"1 = 10.Thus, the difference is 40.Further, the difference is divided by 3, which is 40/3 = 13. This difference in range is classified as; high level of knowledge with the scoring of 38 – 50, moderate level of knowledge with the scoring of 24 – 36 and low level of knowledge with the scoring of 10 – 22. Finally, the third section which is the section â€Å"C† It contain questions on awareness regarding organ and tissue donation. To analyse the awareness level among pre-registration nursing students, Likert scale measurement on 5 point scale were used to examine how strongly respondents agree or disagree with the statement/questions. The scale ranges from 1, which indicates ‘’strongly disagree’’ to 5, which indicates ‘’strongly agree’’. In order to score the scale, each of the categories was assigned a weight of fine. A negative statement, ‘’strongly disagree’’ receives a weight of 5, ’’disagree’’ would be 4,’’ not sure or â€Å"indifferent’’, receives 3, ’’agree’’ receives 2 and ‘’strongly agree’’ receives 1. If the statement was in positive form, rating would be reserved accordingly. T hen, the respondent’s response were classified according to scores for instance Number of questions Ãâ€" highest score = 10Ãâ€"5 = 50 and Number of questionsÃâ€" lowest score = 10Ãâ€"1 = 10.Thus, the difference is 40.Further, the difference is divided by 3, which is 40/3 = 13. This difference is range is classified as; high level of awareness with the scoring of 38 – 50, moderate level of awareness with the scoring of 24 – 36 and low level of awareness with the scoring of 10 – 22. Is It Justified To Restrict Freedom Of Expression? Is It Justified To Restrict Freedom Of Expression? Freedom of expression has been a controversial issue for centuries. It has been oppressed and sometimes lead to death for people such as Plato and Thomas Edison who found out and tried to spread the word that the earth is round. In these modern times, there is more liberty for expressing our thoughts, but there are still complaints and cases where it is still being suppressed based on ground of offense. In this paper, I will try to investigate more on that matter and will try to study the case of the Danish Cartoons. The term freedom of expression is sometimes used to indicate not only freedom of verbal speech but any act of seeking, receiving and imparting information or ideas, regardless of the medium used. In practice, the right to freedom of speech is not absolute in any country and the right is commonly subject to limitations, such as on hate speech. In this paper, I will offer observations about some of the arguments used to justify restrictions on free speech and suggest how they might apply in some cases. To do so, I will be focusing on some of John Stuart Mills arguments including the harm principle and the offense principle and their applications in order to justify or not restrictions of free speech. According to the Freedom Forum Organization, legal systems, and society at large, recognize limits on the freedom of speech, particularly when freedom of speech conflicts with other values or rights. Limitations to freedom of speech may follow the harm principle or the offense principle, for example in the case of pornography or hate speech. Limitations to freedom of speech may occur through legal sanction or social disapprobation, or both. John Stuart Mill argued that there ought to exist the fullest liberty of professing and discussing, as a matter of ethical conviction, any doctrine, however immoral it may be considered. Mill argues that the fullest liberty of expression is required to push arguments to their logical limits, rather than the limits of social embarrassment; which is true and this is a good method if we wanted to persuade our opinions to someone. However, Mill also introduced what is known as the harm principle, in placing the following limitation on free expression: the only purpose for which power can be rightfully exercised over any member of a civilized community, against his will, is to prevent harm to others. Mills continues to propose that freedom of speech may be restricted in the very limited circumstances in which it is likely to cause harm to others in the form of a violation of their rights. In his example, he states that one may publish the view that corn dealers are starving the poor, but ones expression of this view in front of an angry mob that will likely provoke them to riot and attack the corn dealers may be prohibited. And obviously, the interests of the corn dealers might be damaged in case that view is printed in a newspaper, but will probably not lead to a violation of their rights as in the case of the speech prior an angry mob. The publication of the view poses no immediate, illegitimate threat to the lives or property of corn dealers. Thus, in this case, freedom of expression is justified. The overall point here is that a healthy, flourishing democracy relies upon access to a wide range of opinions and sources of information. Both laws and cultural trends are currently working to silence opinions in a manner which will impede the ability of democracies to properly function. Mills point about the necessity of freedom of expression for the pursuit of truth is thus intimately connected to the proper functioning of democracy. Although we may find an opinion offensive, silencing that opinion through either laws or cultural forces entails harms so great that the offensive opinions must be allowed to be expressed. Mill is right to object to the silencing of opinions, and his work helps us to see how our modern world is doing harm to the pursuit of truth in ways that we may not be aware. Another similar case to Mills example and one of the most recent controversial issues, took place In September 2005 when the Danish newspaper, Jyllands-Posten, published 10 editorial cartoons that were perceived by many as direct mockery of the prophet Muhammad and a denigration of Islam. In various cartoons, Muhammad was portrayed as having horns, wearing a turban in the shape of a bomb, and endorsing terrorism. This publication resulted in widespread condemnation from diverse quarters and was met with violent reaction from some. The Danish Islamic Organization sought censure and prosecution of the publication under Danish and international law. This case raises the issue of whether and when local and international law is justified in restricting freedom of expression. Would the government of Denmark have been justified in restricting the publication of the cartoons or exacting punishment for their publication? Should other governments have restricted the subsequent republication of these cartoons in other newspapers, magazines, and on the internet? Should publication of similar material be protected in the future? In the following, I will try to answer these questions. Before starting and answering these questions, it is essential to keep in mind two things. First of all, freedom of speech is not supreme but is still is an important value. It is one of the very numerous values that may be deficient compared to other values. Thus, any attempt of defending or prohibiting speech involves a balancing of conflicting interests and values. Second, each country has its own laws which vary in the limitations they place on the speech. The United States of America has perhaps the most liberal laws when it comes to protecting the free speech. Many other countries have more restrictive laws, especially regarding the hate speech. However, regardless of liberality of laws regarding free speech, the memory of a person may be an indicator in selecting the type of speech that may be restricted, since the memory may contribute to an assessment of the meaning and importance of the offense and harm that the speech may cause. And quite often, the message that the act of freedom of expression sent does not remain a long time in the memory of third parties, thus making the life span of that idea very short. And, according to Mills argument, these cartoons did not cause any immediate or illegitimate threat to public health so the cartoons are justified. In the case of the Danish cartoons, I do not believe that there was any kind of violation. This is purely an expression of thought. There exist many cases where the freedom of expression offended its recipient. We can name the case of some mockeries of the President of the United States of America or any other important political figure on numerous American TV programs such as the late night shows. Even here in Lebanon, some sketches mock our political leaders or even political parties, yet nothing is being done against it which is a sign of tacit consent. This does not mean freedom of expression should be banned. On the contrary, sometimes these mockeries may provide third parties some information he/she did not know before and could point out to a flaw that the third parties could improve on. A decent society, is one that honors freedom concretely. However, in many cases, the harm that resulting from the response to the speech might be so significant and uncontainable, that the government would be justified in limiting the speech to protect third parties. Making funny sketches, mocking or drawing caricatures is one thing. Death threats, bomb scares, burning embassies, deadly riots, and boycotts are another. In such exceptional cases, the harm principle may justify restricting speech. There should be an equilibrium between the importance and mitigation of the harm and value of protecting the speech. The well being of the society should be the top priority even if it includes restricting freedom of expression. In addition and in most cases, a persons identity can be easily related to his religion or his set of beliefs. So even bare knowledge of actions deemed unacceptable from a religious point of view can be considered as a personal deep offense. In such cases, the reasonableness requirement subjects the individual who wants to engage in the offending conduct to a higher standard of proof. He must prove that the value of his behavior makes it not only reasonable but also reasonable enough to outweigh the seriousness of any offense that he might cause. The offended party, however, need prove nothing about the value of what is believed to be disrespected. He need only show that he and others hold the relevant beliefs about value and that when their belief system is confronted with particular kinds of behavior, then experience serious offense. These days, with technologies emerging in an unprecedented way, social networking has become an important part of our everyday life. Web sites such as Facebook, Twitter or blogs created by an average person are an escape from reality to a place where freedom of expression is highly valued. On Facebook, groups can be created where people with same interests and goals can join. They can open discussion boards and share their ideas, offending or not may it be. However, even on sites like these there are limits for what you can say and post. If someone has offended you, you have the option to report him. But such as in real life, Facebook asks you for a justification in order to go through the reporting process. Another condition is that the user should be reported by many others in order for Facebook to look at that case, because one person cannot be offended unless the speech is directed to him, rather an entire population being offended is another thing. Furthermore, just because someone calls me out if I treat them badly doesnt mean I have no right to say whatever I said to offend. It just means that if I choose to use that kind of expression I may have to deal with the social repercussions. And sometimes the good effects of offensive speech can outweigh the harm caused by the offense itself. With that in mind, theres no reason to withhold a freedom of expression in order to generate more benefits. In that context benefit could be a social benefit, economical, political, religious, etc Moreover, most of us at some point in our life made fun of, criticized and judged, for example, oversized people, little people, or any other condition that we do not deemed as being normal. On the other hand, these people are not harmed but are rather bothered by these comments. This type of expression can be easily defended but we may want to consider that the limits of our freedom of expression ends when we trespass or offend someone else. We can conclude by confirming that offence does not justify restrictions on freedom of expression but those expressing offensive ideas must consider the possibility that they may push away their potential audience. Remarkably, many people seem to consider such refusal by private citizens to endorse certain ideas with which they disagree to be a form of censorship. Of course it is not, unless they attempt to use the law to suppress those ideas. Also, we could argue that offense does not justify restrictions of freedom, but it justifies the need for manners, respect for others, ethics, empathy, and social consciousness. And by writing this paper, I am expressing my freedom of thoughts hoping that it will affect positively all third parties. So lets express suitably our basic human right!

The Nursing Shortage Essays -- Nurse Medical Medicine Health 2014

Table of Contents The Problem 2 The Causes of the Nursing Shortage 2 The Impact of the Nursing Shortage 5 Current Federal Legislation 6 Alternatives 8 Recommendations 9 Works Cited 11 The Problem Current literature continues to reiterate the indicators of a major shortage of registered nurses (RNs) in the United States. The total RN population has been increasing since 1980, which means that we have more RNs in this country than ever before (Nursing Shortage). Even though the RN population is increasing, it is growing at a much slower rate then when compared to the rate of growth of the U.S. population (Nursing Shortage). We are seeing less skilled nurses â€Å"at a time of an increasingly aging population with complex care needs and an increasingly complex technological care environment† (Mion). According to recent data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics and the Department of Health and Human Services, it is estimated that â€Å"more than a million new and replacement nurses will be needed over the next decade† (Diagnosis: Critical). A chronic nursing shortage has been a reoccurring problem that impacts the future of our health care system and, even more so, the future quality of long-term care in this country. Currently, there are several federal and state initiatives, organizations, and agencies dedicated to solutions of the shortage. However, we continue to lack the necessary number of RNs needed to deliver quality care to a population with growing health care demands. The Causes of the Nursing Shortage There are several factors that are considered the causes of the nursing shortage. Literature suggests that the shortage is linked to factors related to current population trends and the nature of the health care e... ...rvey.htm>. Spetz, Joanne, and Sara Adams. "How Can Employment-Based Benefits Help the Nurse Shortage?" Health Affairs 25 (Jan.-Feb. 2006): 212-218. ProQuest . Ithaca Coll. Lib., Ithaca, NY. 10 Dec. 2012. . "State Legislative Initiatives to Address the Nursing Shortage." American Association of Colleges of Nursing. Oct. 2006. 11 Dec. 2012 . "Toward a Method for Identifying Facilities and Communities with Shortages of Nurses." Health Resourses and Services Administration. 2004. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. 5 Dec. 2012 . "What Works: Healing the Healthcare Staffing Shortage." Modern Healthcare 37.29 (July 2007). ABI/INFORM. ProQuest. Ithaca Coll. Lib., Ithaca, NY. 2 Dec. 2007   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  .